GM Food Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GM Food - Annotated Bibliography ExampleThe statistics therein would provide information to validate such criticisms.In this article, the authors argue for arctic of GM foods which they refer to as genetically engineered, GE foods. With a background of what GM foods be and their production, the authors hold dear that genetic modification of crops could pose a threat to human health. However, it refutes that the GE foods in distribution are a threat to human health. The article argues against the traditional approaches of examining safety of GM foods on animals as macrocosm impractical and as such recommends modern scientific approaches. Such approaches are used by variant agencies in the US responsible for regulation of GM foods hence their safety. This is a useful article to reassert that GM foods in distribution are safe and refute findings from studies on animals being inferred to humans noting that GM foods pose health

O'Donnell & Tuomey's Belfast Architecture Dissertation

ODonnell & Tuomeys Belfast Architecture - Dissertation Example instrument panel of Contents Acknowledgements..2 Introduction...............................................................................................................3 Context...7 speech Theatre. A mass of Light and modernism ......................................8 Influences and Philosophy of ODonnell and Tuomey. ................................16 Aims, goals and ideals of ODonnell & Tuomey.................................................19 Conclusion.................................................................................................................24 References..................................................................................................................26 Introduction Dublin based architects Sheila ODonnell and John Tuomey , who have been practicing together since 1991, have a advertent outlook and attitude of how they ply their craft, that can be summarized as continuity and re newal, which will be the compositors case of this paper. This dissertation as a critical analysis of the Lyric Theatre will examine ODonnell + Tuomeys architectural journey. I will re-trace their influences, attitudes and examine values and ideals as app arent in their 2007 Lyric Theatre in Belfast. ODonnell + Tuomey appreciate tradition, and that traditions ought to be brought into the 21st Century and translated in order to retain meaning in the present day. This is how they approach and interpret each design brief. The inspiration of Aldo Rossi to Irish architects, who acknowledged that in Venice, where although unity may be interested in whether a building is by Palladio or Longhena, it is first and perpetually the stones of Venice,1 is also an inspiration to ODonnell + Tuomey. They, too, believe that the materials of the land are the materials that should be used in their buildings, which is why, for instance, their Lyric Theatre, which is the subject of this dissertation, u ses the bricks which are commonly found in buildings throughout Dublin. On returning from five eld in London in 1982 where Sheila ODonnell completed a masters degree at The proud College of Art, and both she and John Tuomey worked with James Stirling Sheila ODonnell and John Tuomey returned in search of a subject, married, bought a reside and thought about how they might go in search of the soul of Irish architecture. Their position as studio teachers at UCD has involved not only educating a generation of Irish architects that are now gaining international recognition (Tom De Paor being the most prominent) they could also be said to have rescue Irish architectural culture from the cults of technology and critical theory that afflict British architectural education. ODonnell and Tuomey architects (OD+T) can reasonably be considered to have cared for the soul of Irish architecture over the ult few decades.2 It is impossible to think about the past two decades of Irish architec ture without considering ODonnell + Tuomey. and so without their involvement with Group 91, alongside Grafton architects, Paul Keogh and others, there would be no Temple Bar or Lyric Theatre, and, he suggests, no internationally recognisable image of modern Ireland for young

Minigrant for integrating technology in the elementary Language Arts Essay

Minigrant for integrating technology in the primary(a) Language Arts classroom - Essay ExampleThe use of computers has addd drastically in the lowest decade, especially in the educational field. Experts in the elementary educational field are of the opinion that trying to find out the mistakes in grammar, spelling and organization in ones own musical composition is one of the best methods of learning. Introducing computers in the elementary level are highly useful in these processes. Computers increase the effectiveness of the elementary language teachers while drastically reducing their work load. In this application, an estimated budget and advantages of introducing technology in the uncomplicated Language Arts Class room are also briefly mentioned. Elementary school teachers play a crucial role in the development of children. Generally, children are influenced by what they nonplus and learn in the school which can also greatly shape their views of the world or almost thems elves and can be a crucial factor for their failure or success in their in the flesh(predicate) lives and work. Elementary school teachers introduce pupil to language, mathematics, social studies and science. Teachers use various tools like music, games, films, artworks, books and computers to teach sanctioned skills. Computers can play an integral role in the Elementary Language Arts Program which provides balance instruction in reading and writing. (Elementary Reading and Language Arts).

The Role of International Law in Preserving the Environment Essay

The Role of International Law in Preserving the Environment - Essay ExampleOn the one hand, intuition and logic demands that an international or regional response is in many contexts a practical necessity. The nations of the world routinely confront challenges that are global or regional in chain of mountainschallenges in areas as diverse as environmental change, communications technology, and regional security. These challenges demand a more than coordinated and concerted approach than any single, national solution passel provide. Should criminals launch from a innkeeper twenty feet into a neighboring s everyplaceeign introduce, it would be foolhardy to believe that the country whose citizens were targeted by such criminals could effectively investigate and prosecute the criminal agents. Should refugees flood into a region because of instability in one-state, the stability, social welfare mechanisms, and infrastructure of all affected regional states are challenged by the s udden flux in dis interposed persons. It would be ignorant to assume that the actions of one state are not directly affected by the actions of unlike states. So it is with the environment. Should carbon dioxide spill out of factories run by Western businesses and make their way into the stratosphere, the areas affected by the resulting greenhouse effect wont be limited to the areas where those factories were built. Should toxic waste be dumped into a river that in turn feeds a lake or an ocean, the water will carry that waste to shores far removed from the polluters. oneness nation can do little to change the world, when their neighbors or their peers remain unconcerned about their declare contributions. On the other hand, these same nations exist as legal entities thanks to a juridical arrangement inherited from a time when legal purviews were far more provincial. As such, the legal regimes in place at heart each nation-state tend to privilege the sovereignty of that state, wh ich is to say that they accord that state near-absolute control over the legal decisions that occur within their borders. The boundaries of jurisdiction are thus by default the dividing lines between different models or standards for jurisprudence, and should a nation will itself immune to the pressures or legal regimes in other countries, it can do so. Problematically, the incentive to do just that correlates positively with the relative power-status of the country in question. Weaker, smaller, less authentic countries may feel that external legal pressures that might compromise national sovereignty are stock-still in their best interest, since they do not wish to alienate the great military or frugal powers, especially if they rely on those power for financial or military assistance, or for regular trade. The more powerful countries, by contrast, have every incentive to view their own sovereignty as inviolate, a reflection of their global standing. These countries also tend to be more effective in resolving problems within their own borders, and as such may feel like their approach to larger-scale problems should be adopted by less-powerful nations, rather than engaging in cooperative solutions that would compromise their own sovereignty alongside those of other state participants. Sadly, this scenario is precisely what has unfolded with many of our international institutions. The United Nations, for example, gives a select group of countries, the United States chief among them, de facto shun power over the will of the General Assembly. Perhaps most exemplary of this tendency is

Judicial Restraint and Judicial Activism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Judicial Restraint and Judicial Activism - Essay ExampleBelow is another fictional character of judicial activism, in which a enlighten district had its policies overturned by the court. This should be considered to be activism, as the educate district is not allowed by the court to pass policies for itself that would help remedy individual fictional characters of discrimination. However, since this case cases involves reverse discrimination, this case would not be decried by the conservatives who typically decry judicial activism. A. Parents Involved in Community domesticates v. Seattle School District, 551 U.S. 701 (2007). Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District, 551 U.S. 701 (2007) is an equal protection case argued sooner the court in 2007. Chief Justice John Roberts delivered the opinion of the Court. This case dealt with two different crop districts, the Seattle educate district in Washington State and the Jeffer parole County school district in Louisville, Kentucky. Each school district used race as a way to assign assimilators to their schools. The Seattle school district allowed 9th graders to choose the schools that they wanted to attend. If too many scholarly persons wanted to attend a particular school, then that school used a series of tie-breakers to determine who would attend that school. One of the tie-breakers is the race of the student in the Seattle school district, 41% of students overall are tweed, and 59% are non-white. If a particular school did not keep down within 10% of the 41/59 split say a school was 60% white and 40% non-white then race was used to fill the available slots at that particular school, so that it would be brought into match. Seattle operates the school in this way to address the racially identifiable housing patterns on school assignments. volt different schools in the Seattle district used this method of assigning students to their schools, elevating racial characteristics ab ove other merits. The supplicant parents filed suit on behalf of their children who were denied a spot at the five schools because of their race. The Ninth Circuit Court of appeals indomitable in an en banc decision that this the school district presented a compelling state interest, achieving racial balance within schools, and that the school districts methods of achieving this racial balance was narrowly tailored, thus upholding the school districts method of apportioning students to these schools. Jefferson County prevalent Schools had a similar scheme. Their school district is composed of approximately 34 black students, and 66 share white students. All non-magnet schools in the district were required to enroll a minimum 15 share and maximum of 50 percent black students. If a certain school was not within this range, students would be denied a spot at that particular school based on that students race. So, if a black student wanted to enroll in School A, and that school had already reached its 50 maximum of black students, that student would be denied a spot at that school. If a white student wanted to go to School B, and that school was less than 15% black, then that student would be denied a spot at that school. prayer Crystal Meredith sought to enroll her son at a school that was close to her house, but her son was denied a spot at that school because her son would have caused that school to be racially

Research crique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

seek crique - Essay ExampleThe authors used a specific model so that they could dupe a concrete idea of what squads escorted like and how they were executed in the hospitals. Problem Statement Clinical and Research Problem Nursing team overwork has become increasingly important in hospitals because they are on the first disembowel of assistance to patient ofs. The need for nurses working unneurotic was seen in many areas of the hospital. For example, the authors state that most studies were done with working(a) and emergency room nurses, but research on teams has not been seen with acute do facilities. The authors felt that in that respect needed to be a specific understanding of teamwork so that nurses would be encouraged to work together because teamwork is critical to patient safety. The authors point out that hospitals still are unsure of what teamwork in nursing should look like and how it should be executed. The authors state that, Lack of clarity near the teamwork p rocesses underlying nursing teamwork hinders the development of targeted, potent quality enhancement and patient safety initiatives (p. 298). If teamwork is understood and there is a model that can be used to help hospitals be more effective, patient care will be enhanced, according to this drive. The gaolbreak in the knowledge is that the research before this study has concentrated on surgical and emergency teams for teamwork this study fills the gap for study of acute care. Significance of the Study The significance of this study lies in patient care initiatives. Kalisch et al. (2009) state that nurses who work totally on their own are prone to hurl errors with patients. As an example, nurses who work 12.5-hour shifts are prone to make at least 5% of their regular shifts and nurses working 8-12 hours often make 2% errors on their shifts. They also state that 70% of sentinel events happen because of miscommunication between staff members. The authors nurture the significance o f the study by providing these statistics and the reader finds that this is a very important aspect of any hospital. It seems that teamwork strengthens patient care. Purpose and Research Questions The purpose of this study was to measure teamwork effectiveness through the use of focus groups and the Salas conceptual framework of teamwork. The used this framework because it offered a behavioral component that they felt hospital personal could understand. The researchers do not state a specific aim but this was the major thrust of their work. There were no specific questions asked, but it seemed that, What constitutes a team? Was the question they were attempting to answer. They actually asked this question and then provided different studies that expound how other researchers defined teamwork. The research question was definitely related the problem because the authors are defining teams. I think that the qualitative method was appropriate to this study because teams begin with peop le understanding what a team is and whether it is effective or not. It would seem that this question would need to be answered by talking to people about their experiences. Literature Review The authors used qualitative and quantitative studies, books, and government reports (Joint Commission). The references that were used spanned between the years 1994 and 2009. almost of them were between 1994 and 2002. I would not think that this was accurate information since most of the references were older than five years. The

Properties, plant, and equipment in accounting theory Essay

Properties, plant, and equipment in accounting theory - Essay Example2) Group be (recording the cost as 800,000 for all the equipment together) modifys the costing of the equipment in two ways. First, it is challenging to depreciate the items because they have different depreciation rates (Liapis & Christodoulopoulou, 2011). However, this risk whitethorn be eliminated in side their depreciation rate is the same. Second, it creates a reporting and cost allocation challenge, as the cost accountant backnot allocate costs effectively with group costing. Operational costs on the assets fashion hard to allocate. However, costing the items independently (single costing) will facilitate reporting because roughly of the equipment should be capitalized (fixed assets) while some would be expensed (inventory).3) Group costing reduces the simoleons of the business. First, it increases the depreciation expense, which has a negative effect on the profit of the business. Group costing also e liminates gain on sale of the expenses assets (Herrmann, Thomas & Saudagaran, 2011). Introduction of unwarranted depreciation also affects the value of the assets as it lowers the item values in the end. However, single costing does not affect the value of the assets and maintains the profit of the business high, as the gains on sale are included in gross sales while the depreciation expense is removed.4) The first problem imminent from the transaction is the possibility of divalent costing. In case the items are recorded as lump sum amount means that in case some of them are sold, they may be recorded again in sales without expensing them creating a double accounting problem (Weiss, 2012). Depreciation problem may also arise from the transactions. An accountant will bring out challenges in treatment of depreciation for the difference between the market value and purchase price. From the transaction, taxation challenges can also arise. When the transaction is taxed, the amount to be taxed may challenge the accountant. The

Minority Corporate Leader Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Minority Corporate attractor - Assignment ExampleThe paper set ahead draws clarity from the way a attractor deals with situations and various outcomes. Upon keen exploration of Sage, it is clear that leaders form to enhance teamwork and approach every situation with a clear and innovative mind. Minority Corporate Leader Leadership is an indulging role in any sector. Leaders have to be assertive and rag decisions depending on prevailing situations. App arntly, many decisions argon made depending on the situation at hand. Some decisions use up harnessing information and discussing with relevant stakeholders parties. With such an approach, a leader is definitely going to arrive at the justly decision (Armstrong, 2011). However, neglecting some of these thoughts could lead to poor decision fashioning. For example, when making a decision in the nursing sector, at that place is the invite to incorporate both the concerned parties. This will ensure that decision implementation is runny and all inclusive. Ola Sage is 45 years old and exhibits the desirable characteristics of a leader. She is married and lives in Silver Spring. She holds a bachelors distributor point from Strayer University and a masters degree from George Mason University. She is currently the CEO of E-management, which is a federal Information Technology company. Since its inception, Sage has been skeptical astir(predicate) improving the performance of the company to greater heights. In the initial stages, the company was struggling to stay designate in the market since it was not attracting a large number of people in demand for its services. She has struggled to nonplus the company to reach out to a larger market in offering its services. Previously, Sage had dreams of change state a concert pianist. However, she decided to concentrate on offering IT services. This was a successful idea as she is currently one of the most respected IT experts. The first aspect that should be consi dered in a leader is the way a leader overcomes barriers. In any sector, there is a high probability that there will be barriers, quarrels and setbacks. Ola Sage is a leader that evaluates challenges while managing other people. She states that a challenge in a work place strengthens a leader. As such, she is decisive and makes the appropriate changes when there are challenges. For example, the technology sector is changing and improving with each passing day. As such, there is a need for a leader that will give a positive approach to these enhancements (Reese, 2003). This includes purchase of better and change technology. This ensures the organization is prepared to face all the other challenges in the sector. Similarly, Sage ensures all the other workers are incorporated into finding solutions for the barriers of success. Apparently, she states that a leader has to be on the forefront in overcoming barriers. Such a leader is destined for greatness as all the barriers and challe nges will be solved in the meanest time. As such, the organization will be on a gradual improvement. Team building is an important aspect in an organization. An organization that ensures the workers are working as a team is on the verge of making positive accrual with time. For example, all the leaders should work in unison with the other workers. Sage acknowledges that all leaders should enhance team work each and every time in an organization. She states that people should accept that they are not able to make accomplishments on their own. As such, they should decipher that every person

Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Communications - Essay ExampleEase of use and included software organization installation are other selling points touted on the product web page. This system would prove efficacious in corrections facilities, which would be expected since this is the target market segment for the product.The teething ring Contego is a communication system that is promoted as a invention for hearing enhancement and assistance. On a webpage on which the construction is sold (TecEar LLC, 2011), the Comfort Contego is described as a high definition wireless FM system that uses an encrypted signal on securely coded channels. These features have several areas of use (lectures, at school or work, fun and telephone audio enhancement), but the secure nature of the system makes it an ideal hearing assistance device for courtrooms. The technology applied in this device is a focal point in the marketing of the Comfort Contego, with features such as the FM transmission system, integration with hearing aid s, and the presence of two microphones being publicise as technical benefits associated with the device. If the Comfort Contego communication system is as secure as is advertised, then it would be ideal for sensitive applications such as courtroom hearing

Cases Of Plagiarism And Its Consequences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cases Of Plagiarism And Its Consequences - Essay ExampleAlso, it was detected that only the last reading of her book contained a thanksgiving paragraph for Taggarts in the preface although nothing was written nigh him in the preface of the first edition. Goodwin had been ousted from the university but the matter was settled very quietly between Goodwin and Taggart with the last mentioned taking no strict action against the accused (Crader).There had been a similar case of plagiarism two years back where Stephen Ambrose, a historian was accused of copying in his book The unreasonable Blue. He had copied innumerable lines including some entire texts from Thomas Childers Wings of Morning. Some strategic phrases from Childers book like glittering like mica and up, up, up has been repeated phrase by word in The Wild Blue and not been put in quotation marks. Also, he has not through with(p) proper referencing and mentioned Childers only in bibliography and footnotes. However, Ambro se escaped the accusation unscathed as Guilders didnt take all action against him for plagiarism (Barnes).The consequence of plagiarism can be judged only on the basis that whether it was intend or unintended. The above articles indicate that the works done by Ambrose and Goodwin revealed intended plagiarism since the subjects were similar to the books they plagiarized. However, no action was taken against them and such a result sounds unfair as strict actions should be taken against such people. Although Goodwin was ousted from her University, she received several accolades for her work later on from the same university. So it can be said that justice had not been done and created a wrong example for students and authors alike.

Small business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

underage business - Assignment ExampleThis report discussesEntrepreneurial mind sets be difficult to define, but they are within the realm of psychological dispositions which are entrenched in customs and worldviews. According to Dweck (2006), there is a distinction between a fixed outlook and a growth mindset, and personalities in the former believes that cognizance is inherent while the latter acknowledges that success and results depend on effort. In business, a growth mindset can bring more value than a fixated mindset, a mental tool that empowers one to arise mixture. This is the entrepreneurial trait approach and according to this model, an entrepreneur is practically defined within certain traits, often an interaction with the inner self manifest in the manner I which they control, plan, Set goals take assay, determination making and independence.In literature, a focus on the difference between and an entrepreneur and one who lacks such(prenominal) skills have been br ought to the fore. Brockhaus (1980) empirical study noted that an entrepreneur brings value addition to the business through risk taking propensity, a trait lacking in the majority of the population he studied. ChelL (2008) asserts that an entrepreneur is compulsive by the need for achievement, a locus of control, the social constructionism theory. With such a drive and push in the business environment, of priority to such a personality would to find innovative ways to bring change to the business. According to Storey (2011) optimism and chance theory best explains the mindset of an entrepreneur. According to the theory, entrepreneurs are not attracted to the formal way of conducting normal business, rater they pounce on a chance to bring different perspectives to the normal ways of business.According to Mcgrath & Macmillan (2009)an entrepreneurial mind set typically goes for the goals and stops functioning by the ground rules. The writers distinguishes a manager from an entrepre neur and notes that the former

Comparing of two corpora from a linguistic journal and a transcribed Essay

Comparing of two corpora from a lingual journal and a canned interview - Essay ExampleThis study compared two differing corpora, each ccc words in length, for four different linguistic variables. The corpora were extracted from a linguistic journal and a transcribed interview and the linguistic variables were number of sentences, average length of sentences, number and type of capable clauses and number of contractions. Results support Hypotheses 1 and 4, wherein more and shorter sentences and more contractions were found in the transcribed interview corpus than in the linguistic journal extract. The findings did not support Hypothesis 2 because even though the linguistic extract provided less(prenominal) and longer sentences it was the interview extract that provided more dependent clauses within the 300 words. Hypothesis 3 was alone partly supported because the linguistic journal corpus did not provide evidence of more dependent noun clauses than other types of dependent clauses .

How Demographics Affect Schools And Educational Processes Essay

How Demographics Affect Schools And Educational Processes - Essay ExampleThe NCLB portrayal requires all states to demonstrate their annual gird in increasing the percentage of pupils proficient in reading and math and in narrowing the test-score opening move between advantaged and disadvantaged students. The law is also responsible for encouraging states to improve upon the standards of student testing, overhauling their systems of accountability and ascertaining the qualifications of their teachers in their relevant subject areas.Ever since the NCLB law has been passed, many non-profit organizations have been making significant contributions towards the objective of ratiocination the attainment gap. Some such organizations include the and Related Education Programming, the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education and the Teachers21 organization. The Teachers21 giving medication is only one of the many significant organizations working for the systemic reformati on of the education system of America. In a memorandum proposing steps that can be taken for the reduction of educational inequities, the organization recognizes that the NCLB Act has more keenly focused state and district attention to these achievement gaps and the indispensabilitys of traditionally low-performing students. This document also outlines various studies pertaining to the subject of the reasons behind the achievement gap, professing that a number of scholars opine that in order for this issue to be addressed in its entirety, the social and economic reasons that contribute to achievement gaps need to be resolved. The organization supports the view of Rothstein (2004) and a significant number of others that the elimination of gaps in academic achievement and the fulfillment of the goal of educational equity require a total and determined commitment to trade name sincere efforts that address

C&B (u4ip) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

C&B (u4ip) - canvas ExampleLines 18, 19, 20, 22, and 23 are the most important lines on the form that is included in the knave below, as these particular lines contain the codes. It is not reasonable, safe, or reliable to expect a billing specializer to remember all of the codes and modifiers that are safe. Therefore, he or she will need a reference consider for this. Since these codes and modifiers are updated occasionally, an online reference guide would be a good resource. One good resource is the website for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid.In the form below, the website for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid was used to look up the codes. The diagnosis code for this particular patient matches that of an individual with binary sclerosis. The codes that follow the diagnosis code are procedural codes that represent the testing that was done during the office manducate of that particular patient. There could have also been supply codes included, but no supplies were u sed in this particular visit that was going to be billed to the insurance company in question. Had there been supplies used, those would need to be included on the form as well. The codes were looked up using a search engine on the website, which provided a page listing the codes for musculoskeletal

Stem Cell Research - The field of stem cell research Essay

Stem Cell Research - The field of origin cubicle research - Essay ExampleMany of the signals required to induce formation of specialised adult cadres must(prenominal) be present in these tumors, but unlike embryos, tumors generate adult cell types in a hopelessly un rented manner.If a developing embryo is not to end up a mass of disorganized tissues, it must do more than generate adult cell types. Embryos must orchestrate and choreograph an elaborate stage production that gives rise to a functional organism. They must direct intricate cell movements that bring together populations of cells that to separate them again, mold and shape organs finished the birth of some cells and the death of others, and build ever more elaborate interacting sy substructures while destroying others that serve only transient, embryotic functions. Throughout the ceaseless building, moving, and remodeling of embryonic development, new cells with unique characteristics are constantly being generated a nd incorporated into the overall structure of the developing embryo. Science has only the most rudimentary understanding of the nature of the conception that orders embryonic development. Yet, recent research has begun to illuminate both how specific adult cells are made as well as the central role of bowknot cells in this process.The term stem cell is a general one for any cell that has the ability to divide, generating two progeny (or daughter cells), one of which is bandaged to become something new and one of which replaces the original stem cell. In this sense, the term stem identifies these cells as the stemma or origin of other, more specialized cells. There are many stem cell populations in the body at different stages of development. For example, all of the cells of the brain arise from a neural stem cell population in which each cell produces one brain cell and another copy of itself any time it divides. The very earliest stem cells, the immediate descendants of the fe rtilized egg, are termed embryonic stem cells, to specialize them from populations that arise later and can be found in specific tissues (such as neural stem cells). These early embryonic stem cells give rise to all the tissues in the body, and are therefore considered totipotent or capable of generating all things. Review of the ResearchWhile the existence of early embryonic stem cells has been appreciated for some time, the potential medical applications of these cells have only recently become apparent. More than a dozen years ago, scientists discovered that if the normal connections between the early cellular progeny of the fertilized egg were disrupted, the cells would kick the bucket apart into a single cell suspension that could be maintained in culture. These dissociated cells (or embryonic stem cell lines) continue to divide indefinitely in culture. A single stem cell line can produce enormous numbers of cells very rapidly. For example, one small flask of cells that is m aximally grow will generate a quantity of stem cells roughly equivalent in weight to the inherent human population of the earth in less than sixty days. Yet despite their rapid proliferation, embryonic stem cells in culture lose the coordinated activity that distinguishes embryonic development from the growth of a teratoma. In fact,

Gender Essay Essay Example for Free

Gender Essay EssayDuring this essay I will be assessing the view that over the recent years the roles of both work force and women have changed touch society and the majority of households. In 1957 Elizabeth Bott as one of the first sociologists to study how the change of leisure, employment and modus vivendi affected the roles of husbands and wives. She called these conjugal roles and claimed that there were two of import types, segregated and joint. Segregated roles consisted of the splitting of the domestic tasks, where the men took c be of the DIY tasks they carried the instrumental role. Womens tasks consisted of the cleaning, the cooking etc. they carried the expressive role. Joint roles meant the domestic labour within a household as distributed evenly. Willmott and Young studied the symmetrical family offering an alternative perspective on conjugal roles, claiming they had become increasingly similar. It appeared that division of labour based on gender was breaking down . Although, many did shop at this idea their work was challenged by feminist sociologists such as Ann Oakley.She provided some imperial research which ignore the view of the sharing caring husband. Oakley based her research on interviews in which she had conducted on 40 conjoin women with 1 or more dependant children. It demoed that women saw housekeeping and childcare as their prime function and received little help from their husbands. Whereas Willmott and Young had claimed that 72% of men help in the house, this figure indicates that husbands simply had to perform one household chore a week.Oakley stated that this is hardly convincing evidence of manful domestication and women carried a dual burden, they go to work come home a follow bug out the domestic labour. However this evidence is 30 years out of date, but it does show that the roles of men and women are gradually moving towards equality and the symmetrical family but are still a long way from it. Fiona Devine cond ucted a small scale study of car workers families in Luton indicating that mens contribution to domestic labour increase when their wives re-entered paid employment.But the mans role is still secondary all women remain responsible for childcare and housework where their husbands merely help them. This evidence clearly shows a pure suggestion of division of labour in most household tasks, although the equality and change indicates the tasks are becoming joint due to women working. To help show this trend another piece of research came into focus by Jonathon Gershuny, in which he analysed data from 1974-1987.It showed a gradual increase in the amount of domestic tasks preformed by men, and this increase is greatest when women are in full-time paid employment. Husbands whose wives worked spent double the amount of time cooking and cleaning. Gershuny concludes that women still bear the main burden of domestic labour, and there is a process of lagged adaptation. He thinks it may take up a generation or more until men catch up and make an equal contribution.

Globalization and Its Effects on Mexico Essay Example for Free

Globalization and Its Effects on Mexico EssayMexico has the size and assets which could reach to wealth and prosperity within their borders. The nation has the second longest border with the unite States, significant oil colour resources, and the 11th largest population in the domain of a function. Mexico underwent every(prenominal) the necessary free market changes to help support globalization despite initial resistance, simply they ar yet to complete the interior microeconomic makeover they drastically need. Mexico has many an(prenominal) things working for them but continue to underperform when it comes to global power and economy, China out performs Mexico for low-cost manufacture goods and India is often the target for outsourcing jobs and services over Mexico (Biggs, Shiess). After sustained pressure from the United States and the International pecuniary Fund, Mexico decided to change their global economic stance to one that supports the free market. They changed t heir economy to one base upon exports, they eliminated most tariffs while lowering others, attracted foreign direct investment and private state assets, and finally cut government spending. These steps were interpreted at an effort for Mexico to join in on the economic benefits of globalization, but Mexico except finished half of the necessary adjustments necessary for economic prosperity. (Biggs, Shiess) Many residents of Mexico may blame their tasks on issues such as the drug cartels, the lack of quality jobs, or lack of foreign investment. Although these ideas may pass to the problems that control Mexico, they be not the true reason. After Mexico completed their globalization efforts by using the ideas of macroeconomics, they had only completed half the necessary adjustments to truly compete as an economic superpower in the world today.(BBC News)Mexico has failed in great part due to their stubbornness and interior decadency to evolve their nation from that of an to a hig her place average Latin American Economic power, to that of one on par with most European nations, China, India, and the United States. The second half of the puzzle that Mexico is missing relies heavily on the ideas of microeconomics. Mexico never created the level playing field of force for companies within their country and is greatly powered by monopolies which ruins an economy due to lack of competition and innovation. For Mexico to set shovel in to succeed in the free market needs to stick resources into banks, education(specifically on technology), mechanisms which will support quislingism between competing companies, and most importantly new laws to disallow the monopolies which control Mexicos economy. (Biggs, Shiess) Until these steps are taken Mexico remains a country which can be overwhelmingly knotty to do business in, which turns apart the majority of investors, and people looking to expand companies into different countries. It is not a good sign when harmonize to the International Finance Corporation Mexico ranks 75 out of 183 countries in the world for ease of starting a business. (IFC)Around the year 2000 when the globalization movement was full set in motion, Mexico was going by an extreme change in their political stance as well. This was a major problem for Mexico, stock-still though the economic changes which were drastically needed were happening outside Mexicos borders it is a very difficult task of changing their political institutions at the same time of changing economic institutions. Mexico continues to stand where they are rather than take a step back to allow for future gains, for example Mexico continues to cuss on their state owned oil giant Pemex instead of bringing in new companies and investors for an attempt at innovation and competition in their oil industry. (Biggs, Shiess) Until Mexico decides to take a small hit and clean sign of the zodiac in regards to their current internal economic stance companies will co ntinue to avoid Mexico at all costs. Startup companies need stability in a political and economic system, and until Mexico is willing to offer that and put in place fair trade laws, better tax laws, and economic regulations they will continue down the same road.Mexico is greatly reliant on their petroleum exports this has been called the Resource Curse by many experts. The problem lies in that when they started to nationalize their oil resources, they needed foreign investment to refine petroleum into oil as they lacked the local bullion to do so themselves. This results in some economic benefits due to other countries purchase crude oil for themselves, but the process remains to be quite draining on what could be the road to economic prosperity. Mexico needs to mine the crude oil, export it to outside nations where they can refine it and and then re-import it as gasoline. (Biggs, Shiess) The biggest problem that their fossil kindle dependence will bring upon Mexico is that the country is relying on the industry, and because pray and prices are high Mexico has no reason to start new industries. Oil is a fossil fuel and resources are diminishing, and when they are gone Mexico will not be in even rougher shape than they are currently.Mexico is at the crossroads when it comes to their economy and what direction those in power want to take the country in. As of right now the globalization efforts have helped the Mexican economy but due to lack of funds and a change in political scenery at the same time Mexico was unable to fully capitalize on the free market. They may have helped their trading relationships with outside countries, but not full was done within their own borders to disallow corruption and monopolies. Mexico is stuck in place until they take the necessary ill-judged term economic downfall to get the full rewards from globalization. With the constant changing of political motives, problems with drug cartels, and corruption the chances of new bu sinesses starting up is slim. Without new businesses to inspire competition the economy will continue to rely upon oil to sustain the countrys economy, but eventually the oil resources they have will streamlet out and lead to ultimate turmoil within Mexico.Works CitedBiggs, Cate, Ami Shiess, Kelly Korenak, Linda Chang, and Laura Neumeister. World hold on Monitor. World Savvy Monitor. Ed. Anita Trachte. The World Savvy Board, Aug. 2009. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. .Mexico Country Profile. BBC News. BBC, 09 Apr. 2012. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. .Doing line of descent in Mexico World Bank Group. Doing Business in Mexico World Bank Group. International Finance Corporation, 2012. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. .

Islamic Philosophy Essay Example for Free

Muslim Philosophy Essay* Ibn Sina Philosophy is the exercise of intellect, enabling man to generate out Being as it is in itself. It is incumbent upon man to do this by the exercise of his intellect, so that he may ennoble his soul and make it perfect, and may become a rational scientist, and get the mental ability of eternal bliss in hereafter. * It is not necessarily concerned with religious issues. They have the following HADITH(the traditionalistic sayings of the Prophet) SUNNA(the practices of their community). FIQH(Islamic law, which discusses particular problems concerning how Muslims ought to behave) * It is not exclusively produced by Muslims. * Philosophy helps the Muslim to understand the truth using opposite techniques from those directly provided through Islam * It is the continuous search for Hikma(Wisdom) Nature and Origin * Philosophy in its fullest sense began in the third century of hijra(The hijra was in 622 ad it is the first year according to the Muslim calendar) * The main sources of early Islamic philosophy are the religion of Islam and Greek philosophy.Greek philosophy because most their works on philosophy like logic, medicine mathematics and so forth were translated into Arabic. During the middle ages, both Muslims and Christian philosophers relied upon the Greek Philosophy, their main resources are the works of Aristotle and Plato along with few others. Hikma and Falsafa * Hikma (wisdom) -Philosophy as hikma has the advantage of referring to a wide commence of conceptual issues within Islam. * Falsafa-an Arabic expression designed to represent the Greek philosophia. Islamic Philosophy of education.Islamic festering is an essential need derived from Islam as a religion or way of life, as Allah wanted. thus Islam sources are the same for Islamic education. The Quran is the main source of Islam, which contains every principles of Islamic thought. Islamic education also is uniquely different from other types of educationa l theory and practice largely because of the all-encompassing operate of the Quran. The Quran serves as a comprehensive blueprint for both the individual and society and as the main(a) source of knowledge.Some examples of the proof that the importance of education is repeatedly emphasized in the Quran Al-Quran * hypothesise are those equal, those who know and those who do not know? It is those who are endued with understanding that receive admonition (Az-Zumar 9) hadith * Who so walks in path seeking for knowledge therein, God will thereby make booming to him the path of paradise (Abu Hurairah and Muslim) The aims of Islamic Education * Imam Al-Ghazali * Education should make a child conscious of the laws though the study of Quran and Hadith.* Education should make the child firm in religious beliefs otherwise he will be led astray. * Ibn Khaldun * Knowledge of God and faith in Islamic laws will make Muslims know the reality which in turn will lead to good and possession of good character. * Ibn Sina * Education as the overall growth of the individual physical, mental, and moral followed by the preparation of this by individual to last in a society through a chosen chose trade according to his aptitudes. * According to modern Perspectives * To provide the teachings of Holy Quran as the first step of education.* To provide experiences which are based on fundamentals of Islam as embodied in Holy Quran and Sunnah which cannot be changed * To develop such(prenominal) qualities of a good man which are universally accepted by the societies which have faith in religion * To bring man nearer to an understanding of God and of the relation in which man stands to his precedent * To produce man who has faith as well as knowledge in spiritual development These aims and objectives of Islamic education distinguish clearly from the modern system of education which is based on western philosophy of life.This approach of Islamic education was endorsed in the First W orld Conference on Muslim Education held at Mecca in 1977 in the following words Education should aim at the equilibrise growth of the total personality of man through the training of Mans spirit, intellect, his rational self, feelings and embodied senses. Education should cater therefore for the growth of man in all aspects spiritual, intellectual, imaginative, physical, scientific, linguistic, both individually and conjointly and motivate all aspects towards goodness and the attainment of perfection.The ultimate aim of Muslim education lies in the identification of complete submission to Allah on the level of the individual, the community and humanity at large. Mohamad Johdi (2009) synchronizes that Islamic education aims at the balanced growth of the total balanced-personality of human, acronym JERISAH Jasmani- physical Emosi- emotional Rohani- spiritual Intelek- intellectual Sosialisasi- social Alam- environment Hamba Allah- humbleness towards Allah.

The sense of stability Essay Example for Free

The sense of stability EssayFor those who work to communities it provides the sense of stability. The three essays chosen to support these ideas were Garrison Keillor, A Wobegon Holiday Dinner David Berreby, It Takes a kinship group and John A. Hostetler, The Amish Charter.Garrison Keillors essay, Holiday Dinner, supports this assumption, because even thought the story states an abnormal family holiday company it shows at the end Life is good. Even when it is lousy, it still good. Even thought bad things were possibilities by bringing the fianc, due to the past holidays with the family. There was no hesitation because that would bring tradition and stability to life.David Berreby, It Takes a Tribe, it is supporting as well because students dont attend college, they join into tribes, a college campus is full of stack inventing a sense of us and a sense of them. This describes students coming to college to feel a place of belonging. That is wherefore students join fraternitie s and sororities to feel a sense of them and us. John A. Hostetler, The Amish Charter, supports as well, in order to not hold tradition, bright colors were not allowed or disrupt stability. For the Amish community the fundamentals if right and wrong are made relevant in the life of the society.

Issues and help seeking behavior Essay Example for Free

Issues and alleviate secureking behavior Essay agree to Fallon and Bowles (1999) the atomic number 18a of childish facilitate anticipateing behaviour is an under- look fored area. Since the cognitive and critical thinking of adolescents are tranquil developing, their behaviours toward issues strike them may vary case by case. The purpose of this cross was to investigate issues concern adolescents and their dish seeking behaviour toward those issues, especially seek professional help oneselfs. The report analysis was based on second-string information obtained from various searchers by scholars. The partitioningicipants in the researchers were students with different demographic background, such as gender, ethnicities. Fallon et al (1999) investigated the knowledge and electric razor problems concerned the adolescents and their help seeking behaviours toward those problems. The major problems were identified to be much(prenominal) severe and would arrive parti cipants distress, while shaver problems would not distress the participants. The participants were 1,022 secondary school students from Melbourne Metropolitan area, 585 of them were potent, and 419 were fe virile. Total 297 of them were in grade 7 and 8, 333 were in year 9 and 10, others were in year 11 and 12. Their ages ranged from 11 to 18 years. apiece of the participants completed a survey comprised of three parts to define the adolescents concerns and help seeking behaviours. The first part contained demographic questions.The second partcontained primarily rating and categorizing questions to identify the major problems of concerns, nature of the concerns, and sources of help to the concerns. age the third part focused on the minor concerns. The nature of the both concerns was defined into five categories, family, interpersonal, health, procreation and others. And the sources of help were in the domain of friends, parents and professionals. The findings show that problem s concerns different levels of students were very similar. About 50% of the participants sought help for their major problems, 40% sought for minor problems and 25% would seek help for both problems. The problems associated with family and interpersonal skills were practically identified as major issues. For minor issues, family and education problems were frequently reported. Therefore the adolescents would differentiate major and minor problems and react differently toward the problems. For major problems, females were more willing to seek help than males, but there was no gender difference towards minor problems.And males preferred to ask parents and rather than friends, while females were inversely. However, on both minor and major problems, respondents were preferred to seek help from parents and friends over professionals, this may probably due to the easy feeler to nonprofessional sources. Gim, Atkinson, and Whiteley (1990) conducted an investigation which focuses on the is sues concerns Asian-American and the relationship between acculturation and willingness to see a counsellor. The study was overmatch through 816 Asian-American students from West Coast University. 399 of the respondents were male, 417 were female. And 291 of them were freshmen, 191 were junior, 159 were sophomores, 174 were seniors, which ranged in an age group of 16 to 37. The survey questionnaire comprised of three sections. The respondents were asked to report their demographic information and rate the seriousness of 24 issues in eight domains of concern and their wiliness to see counsellors on these concerns. Among the 24 issues, the respondents scaled highly for issues give care financial, academic, relationship, conflicts with parents. The results show that for those Asia Americans, they were most willing to seek counsellors for issues like financial, academic, career, but least willing to seek help about concerns such as ethnic individuation confusion, roommate, and healt h.The respondents attitudes towards seeking counsellors would be affected by acculturation, ethnicity, and gender. Asian Americans with higher level of acculturation would be more willing to seekprofessional counsellors. In a similar study, Kim and Omizo (2003) generated respondents of 242 Asian American college students from mid-Atlantic and how-do-you-do universities ,140 of them were female and 102 were male, with an age range of 18 to 57 years. Fifty-nine of the respondents had had sought guidance before. And there were mainly from China, Korea, Philippines, and Japan. Similar conclusion was obtained that Asian Americans who were highly adhered to Asian cultural values, their attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help would be less positive and they were less willing to seek counsellors in general problems. But the essay size of the Kim and Omizo (2003) was relatively small, which may not be a strong support. In another research Eisenberg, Golverstein and Gollus t (2007) investigated the help-seeking behaviour and access to mental health service.The participants are students from Midwestern, public university. The initial sample size was 5,021 students elderly above 18 years. And 2,495 were undergraduates, the remaining were graduate and professional students. Since the survey was web-based, total 2,785 students completed the survey and their demographic profile was similar to national student population. The survey used Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9) as the delineate measure to identify the symptoms of depression. The result shows that 15% of Students obtained psychotherapy or psychotropic medication. About 50% respondents alert that there was free counselling service on campus and where to access the mental health care. Among participants who experienced major depression, only 36% received treatment which demonstrated a low level usage of threepenny university medical service. For students who did not seek help, they often hel d the perception that stress was normal in school, or did not realise there is a need, or having the thought that problems would get better as time goes by.Limitations of the research include the reliability of web survey results and the survey ignored the informal sources of help like friends and family. The investigations above all show that female is more open to seek help for issues concerns them, however, comes to the issue of date force out, male perpetrators and victims were more likely to seek help than female (Ashley Foshee, 2005). Ashley et al investigated the adolescents help-seeking behaviour and helping sources when experienced of date violence. The analysis was based on secondary data collected in a longitudinal study of adolescent dating violence. A sample size of 365 outof 1814 survey participants collected in 1996 was elect in their investigation. There were 225 dating violence victims and 140 perpetrators and all the participants were public school students fro m rural northwards Carolina country. The results show that over 60% respondents did not seek help for dating violence, especially perpetrators. Among those who sought help, friends and family members were more frequently chosen as their help sources than professionals.But males were more willing to seek professional help than females. The possible reasons are higher social acceptance to male hitting female than female hitting male and male will cause more serious and dangerous consequences in the dating violence than female. The findings also demonstrate that older perpetrators were more likely to seek help than younger ones. Researchers suggested that as the adolescent mature, they may have in-depth cognitive on dating violence and the potential consequences of their behaviour which compelling them to seek help. In conclusion, issues concerns or distress adolescents will vary due to their levels of education, gender, ethicises, age, nationality. And adolescents issues usually fal l in the domains of family, interpersonal, education, and health. approximately of them are not willing to seek help, especially male.But for certain issues, like dating violence, male are more willing to seek help. Easy accessibility made informal sources of help like friends and family common and popular than professional counsellors when adolescents experienced psychological issues. The other reasons cause low frequency of counselling professional help will be like social norms, lack cognition or unsuspecting of benefits from professional help. So the society should promote more benefits of professional counselling and increase the acceptance of it. For adolescents, they are still at growing stage, abilities like perceptions, cognitions, abstract thinking are also developing. It is very all important(p) to guide them have a positive thinking of seeking professional help when facing issues concern them, in the end, may also help them develop a positive attitudes in their lives. ReferencesAshley, O. S., Foshee, V. A. (2005). Adolescent help-seeking for dating violenceprevalence, sociodemographic correlates, and sources of help_.Journal of Adolescent Health 36,_ 25-31.Eisenberg, D., Golverstein, E., Gollust, E. (2007). Help-seeking and access to mental health care in a university student population. _Medical Care. 45 (7)._Fallon, B. J., Bowles, T. (1999). Adolescent help-seeking for major and minor problems. _Australian Journal of Psychology, 51 (1),_ 12-18.Gim, R. H., Atkinson, D. R., Whiteley, S. (1990). Asian-American acculturation, severity of problems, and willingness to see a counselor. _Journal of Counseling Psychology, 37 (3)_, 281-285.Kim, B. S., Omizo, M. M. (2003). Asian culture values, attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help, and willingness to seek a counsellor. _THE counselor-at-law PSYCHOLOGIST, 31 (3),_ 343-361.

A comparison between the 1920s and the 1980s Essay Example for Free

A comparison between the 1920s and the mid-eighties EssayThe 1920s and eighties are similar in many shipway. Their similarities are social, economical, and political. Some of the similarities between the decades are Prohibition and the warfare on Drugs, the Stock trade Crash of 1929 and 1987, and the influence of music on society.Prohibition was passed as the eighteenth am breakment, that importing, exporting, transporting, and manufacturing of alcoholic beverage was to be put to an end. Prohibition did not achieve its goals. Instead, it added to the problems that it intended to solve. It was conceiveed that the decrease in alcohol consumption would in turn reduce crime, poverty, death rates, improve the economy, and the quality of life.As a result of the lack of enforcement of the Prohibition Act and the creation of an illegal industry of bootlegging an increase in crime transpired. The Prohibitionists hoped that the Volstead Act would decrease drunkenness in America and th ereby decrease the crime rate, especially in large cities. Although towards the beginning of Prohibition this purpose seemed to be fulfilled, the crime rate soon skyrocketed to virtually twice that of the pre-prohibition period. In large cities the homicide went from 5.6 (per 100,000 population) in the pre-prohibition period, to nearly 10 (per 100,000 population) during prohibition, nearly a 78 portion increase.Serious crimes, much(prenominal) as homicides, assault, and battery, increased nearly 13 percent, while other crimes involving victims increased 9 percent. many an(prenominal) supporters of prohibition argued that the crime rate decreased. This is true if one is examining only minor crimes, such as swearing, mischief, and vagrancy, which did in fact decrease due to prohibition. The major crimes, however, such as homicides, and burglaries, increased 24 percent between 1920 and 1921. In addition, the number of federal convicts over the course of the prohibition period inc reased 561 percent (Hanson 31-34).After Prohibition was deemed a failure, the National Prohibition Act, or Volstead Act, was passed. The Volstead Act was put into place to visualise specific laws and methods of enforcement the Federal Prohibition Bureau was formulated in order to see that the Volstead Act was enforced. Nevertheless, bootleggers and commoners as well flagrantly violated these laws. Bootleggerssmuggled strong drink from oversees and Canada, stole it from government warehouses, and produced their own. Many people hid their liquor in hip flasks, false books, hollow canes, and anything else they could find (Hanson 29).Although one would think that prohibition would enhance the difficulty of obtaining alcohol, liquor was actually very easy to contain. The bootlegging business was so immense that customers could soft obtain alcohol by simply walking soak up overmaster almost any street. Replacing saloons, which were all shut down at the start of prohibition, were il legal speak-easies. These businesses, hidden in basements, office buildings, and anywhere that could be found, admitted only those with membership cards, and had the most modern alarm systems to avoid being shut down (Hanson 28).In the beginning of the 1980s doses begin to spread rapidly through inner cities because of the easy accessibility. In 1982 the National Survey on Drug Abuse found 22 million Americans had used cocaine one time in their life. It became the choice of drug for the famous and successful professional athletes, celebrities in entertainment, lawyers, university professors, and Wall Street brokers. It became labeled as the champagne of drugs. Many people took to the everyday form of cocaine known as crack, which could be disguised as smoking a cigarette even though it was incredibly addicting. People could overly acquire crack cocaine easily and inexpensively. Dealers would disguise regular homes and apartments as crack houses where a user could easily obtain their fix.In the 1980s Reagan had a similar problem with the war on drugs. Inner metropolis violence increased due to gangs fighting for territory. It was also an underlying cause in the rise of home(prenominal) violence, child abuse, homelessness, violence in school, and dropout rates. In 1986 Anti-Drug Abuse Act was passed in effort to stop the drug crisis. The Act was aimed towards accountability and zero-tolerance towards addicts.. Critics accused the government of spending too untold on enforcing rather than educating and treatment. Its effectuate were similar to those of Prohibition so in 1988 the act was redone (Bondi 395).It was almost impossible for government agencies to stop the export of drugs into the U.S. It was done most commonly by boat but dealers would often find rude(a) ways to get their contraband past drug sniffing dogs and the border patrol at the Mexico border. When Reagans term ended and George W. bush took office he gave his inaugural speech in which he said, When the first cocaine was smuggled in on a ship, it may as well have been a deadly bacteria, so much has it hurt the body, the soul of our country. There is much to be done and much to be said, but take my word for it This scourge will stop. (Bondi 396).By the end of the 1920s the Stock Market was flourishing. In 1928 the peeled York Stock Exchange was trading at about six to seven million shares a day. Many economists warned about the dangers of rising prices. People disregarded this information and speculation increased about the Stock Market being the easy way to make money. People invested their lifes savings. Banks too invested large sums of money into the Stock Market.On Thursday, October 24, 1929, the bottom began to fall out. Prices dropped precipitously as more and more investors tried to sell their holdings. By the end of the day, the reinvigorated York Stock Exchange had lost four billion dollars, and it took exchange clerks until five oclock AM the side by side (p) day to clear all the transactions. By the following Monday, the realization of what had happened began to sink in, and a full-blown dread ensued. Thousands of investors, many of them ordinary working people, not serious players were pecuniaryly ruined. By the end of the year, note set had dropped by fifteen billion dollars (Hanson 67).Although the crash of 1929 was devastate on the economy, the crash on October 19, 1987,Black Monday, was more devastating be cause the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged 508.32 points, losing 22.6% of its total value. The fall far surpassed the one-day loss of 12.9% that began the great stock market crash of 1929. The Dows 1987 fall also triggered panic selling and similar drops in stock markets worldwide. What make this market break extraordinary was the speed with which prices fell, the unprecedented volumeof trading and the consequent threat to the financial system.Both crashes were significant because they took a devastating toll on the economy. This led to the loss of jobs and shutting down of companies. Although much had been done after the crash of 1929, such as making Paper Companies illegal, it could not baffle the devastating losses of 1987 (Bondi 301).In the early 1920s times were prosperous and people begin to locution for a new form of entertainment. It was the commercial dawn of radio, and the continued popularity of the phonograph. Neither invention was new. Radio had been experimented with as early as 1896, and Marconi stations lined the coasts before the Great War. The 20s saw the demise of the wax piston chamber recorder (Edison manufactured them into the 20s), and the rise of the disk that was to stay with us in some form until the CD. medicinal drug became widely available for the average person because of the availability of phonographs and the accessibility to the radio. Things like the Charleston and dance marathons became popular do to the music that could be played at any given time. Jazz and blues also became big because of musicians like Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday, Sam Morgan, and Oscar Popa Celestin (Hanson 25)..On October 1, 1982 Sony introduced the CDP-101, the first Compact Disc audio CD player. This new technological advance sparked the development of a new type of music known as New Wave. Like Jazz, it began to gain popularity in New York City. The music became increasingly popular and began the attraction of people to nightclubs, such as CGBGs (Bondi 135).Despite the differences in technology and standards, the 1920s and 1980s were very similar. When it comes down to it, history very does repeat itself in many ways. Historians can only inform us as to what we can expect of the future and what we can do to prevent such devastating events.Works CitedBondi, Victor. American Decades 1980 1989. Washington D.C. Amanly, Inc. track record 1996Hanson, Erica. Through the Decades The 1920s. San Diego Lucent Books, Inc. 1999

Islam Essay Example for Free

Islam Essay1. The word Islam is derived form the Arabic root asalama which literally means peace, convictionfulness and submission. Thus Islam means surrender to the Almighty and Muslim means whizz who is in a offer of submission. It is understood that this submission is to the Will of God, as is laid down in the Quran. This tenet is unequivocally accepted by all sects of Islam be they Shia, Sunni or Sufis.2. Islam is an unerringly monotheistic religion. It enjoins the existence of one God, his illusionist Muhammad who is the get going Prophet (khatam-in-nabiyin) in a long line of prophets sent throughout time and to all(prenominal) civilization, and the Quran as the Word of God revealed to Muhammad through the angel Jibrael. Muslims believe that God is one and strange and the purpose of life is to worship him and to adhere to his word, as laid down in the Quran, and in hadith (the normative practices of the Prophet), as closely as possible. They believe that Islam is t he final, completed and universal version of a faith (Deen-e-Ibrahimi) revealed too many prophets before most notably Abraham, Moses and Jesus, but whose message has now been distorted.3. The practices of Islam ar base on the ubiquitous Five Pillars. These are, in order of importance, Shahadah or acceptance of One-ness (Taw hid) of God, Salat or quintette daily Prayers, Saum or Fasting in the month of Ramadan, Zakat or obligatory Alms- natural endowment, Hajj or transit to the Kaabah (House of God) at least once in a lifetime, for those able to leave it. These five Pillars of Faith are incumbent upon e very Muslim and form the ass for his belief. Some scholars say that the pillars in Shia Islam involve an extra four points in addition to the principal ones. Namely, Nabuwah or Prophet Hood of Muhammad, Jesus, Moses etc., Imamah or Leadership of the Tweleve Imams, Qiyamah or Day of Judgment and Adel or Justice.4. The fundamental goals of Islam are a complete submission to God a nd alliance to the teachings of the Quran and the example of Sunnah. When a child is born he is ordained into Islam by reciting the Kalima (the verses outlining Tawhid) into his ear, and thereby giving Shahadah i.e. acknowledgement of the One-ness of God. Muslims must perform the ritual of prayer five times a day, fast and crack up alms in the month of Ramadan, and perform the pilgrimage to the Kaabah if he is of sound mind and body and is able to afford it.The principles of the Promotion of Virtue (amr bil-maaroof) and Prevention of Vice (nahi an-al-munkar) are long-standing and Muslims are expected to inculcate them in their dealings with others. As Islam enjoins peace and harmony with mankind and with nature there is a great emphasis lay on community. Indeed, the Muslim brethren at large are considered one community (Ummah), irrespective of governmental, cultural or physical barriers. A Muslim is encouraged to perform good deeds for the community (masawaat) and to call mass es to worship the One God (Dawah).5. Authority in Islam remains with God. His injunctions, as laid down in the Quran, and the practices and teachings of the Prophet, Sunnah are to be followed in establishing a political structure. Traditionally the concept of political leaders was embodied by the Great Caliphs (Khulfa-e-Rashiduun), who succeeded Muhammad in leadership of the nascent Moslem Empire. This political set-up personified adherence to the sharia law, handicraft of the rulers to seek consultation or Shura and of censuring unjust rulers. It is widely believed that the Great Four, the four to succeed Muhammad in succession, were the scarcely ones in practice true to the cause of Islam and subsequent rulers fell victim to dynastic administration and greed.With the fall of the Ottoman Empire there was an abolition of the Caliphate, no matter how symbolic, and closure of the traditional Islamic political setup. Shia Islam has a theological concept of the Imamate. This term is often used interchangeably with the Caliphate but has very different connotations. The Shia believes that it is a divine institution succeeding the Last prophet and the Imams divinely chosen. The chosen Imams bundle up the mantle of apparitional, political, social etc. leader of all the Ummah. Traditionally Shia followers and scholars have shown political aloofness or activism against what was viewed as an increasingly corrupt caliphate.6. The legal ideal in Islam resides with God. His injunctions form the basis for Islamic Law or Shariah. Shariah derives from two sources divine revelations set strengthenh in the Quran, and the normative practices of the Holy Prophet, Sunnah, as pertained to everyday matters. Fiqh or Jurisprudence extends on matters not directly touched upon in these primary sources. The foundations for Fiqh come from Ijma or consensus of learned scholars and qiyas, analogy from quran and Sunnah. Shia jurisprudence replaces this with aql or reason. Shariah law i s not widespread, and even in Muslim countries there are often parallel justice systems. In countries where it enjoys official status Shariah is upheld by the qadis. Shariah has widespread implications from matters of politics and economics to fast and personal hygiene. Shia scholars employ a different tack. According to them sources of law (usul-e-fiqh) are Quran, Sunnah, the practices of the Twelve Imams and aql (reason).7. Islamic ism and theology have more or less a harmonious perspective. Theology in Islam centers on six main articles of belief Belief in One God (Tawhid), Belief in the Last Prophet (Nabi) and all the Messengers of God (Rasul), belief in Angels (Malaika), books sent by god (kutub), judgment (qiyamah) and preordination (qadar). Islamic philosophy as produced in an Islamic society is not exclusively concerned with religious matters nor is it wholly Islamic in origin rather it has grounds in Hellenistic and Pre-Islamic Indian traditions. The well-fixed age of Islamic philosophy is centered on the 8th to 12th centuries and exemplified Averroes and Avicenna.The first flavour of theology is Kalam which deals with theological questions and the other is Falsafa based on Aristotelianism. Kalam centers on ijtihad or using thought to analyze the doctrines of the Quran, while Falsafa was mainly concerned with the translation of Greek and Hindu texts and expounding them to the community at large. It is quite possible for a Muslim to hold separate philosophical and theological beliefs believing on the one hand in the Aristotelian principle that the existence of the world is not only a casualty but also a necessity, and also valuing the fact that existence of the world in due only to God. The Shia school of thought differs only in what it considers purely theological matters i.e. Roots of religion (Usul e-Din) and Branches of Faith (Furu-e-Din)8. By the end of the 12th century, the Islamic Empire was a vast entity. Stretching from beyond the sho res of the Mediterranean to a lot of India. Thus Islamic art and architecture shows wide and varied themes, each influenced by the culture and humour of the particular land. The principal Islamic architectural styles are the mosque, tomb, fort and palace and from these an idea of the recurring themes may be gleaned. Soon after Muhammad, a recognizable style of architecture emerged comprising interior vaulted spaces, a circular dome and decorative arabesques.The great mosque of Samarrah in Iraq, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, and the Hagia Sofia in bomb calorimeter are prime examples. The conquest of the Persian Empire in the 7th century introduced large arcades and arches. Moresque architecture is perhaps the most familiar example in the western world. The Great Mosque (Mezquita) in Cordova, the Alhambra and the fort of Granada introduced wide breezy interiors and decorative foliage and Arabic inscription motifs. Mughal architecture has built a split up of its own.Perhaps the most famous is the Taj Mahal, built in white marble entirely in counterweight with large minarets and cupola domes. The Mughals also introduced gardens as a relevant theme in their architecture, most famously the Shalimar Gardens. epoch theology does not have a very significant impact on Islamic architecture a recurring theme is the absence of human or animal imagery, widely considered to be disallow by the Prophet. Instead calligraphic inscriptions of the Quran and geometric patterns replace as decorative influences.

It’s Time for a Change Essay Example for Free

Its Time for a Change EssaySocial issues have lingered in the shadows of American history since the day that our independence was gestural in 1776, a mere two hundred and thirtynine years ago. At that time, genial issues consisted of our founding fathers debate over which men were to be considered equal, and the social issue of slave chastening as a whole became prominent to our young nation. From slavery to suffrage, the United States is no stranger to formation these particular social wrongs, and striving to make them right. As time has developed, the issues of old have passed, but now, unseasoned ones have arose. Currently, sitting in 2015, the United States is again being subjected to another social issue that is jurisprudence brutality and the use of body cameras as a means of holding all parties involved accountable for their actions. It is simply irresponsible not to implement this new means of technology and I believe that its use is a key factor in solving the socia l issue of police brutality, and the untrust and stigmas that staunch from this abuse of power.Names like Trayvon Martin, Michael Brown, and Eric Garner have dominated headlines of many major news outlets for the olden two years. The common factor between the three being the excessive use of force upon deprive civilians. In the cases of Martin and Brown, both men were fatally shot, both were unarmed, and both had two conflicting sides of the story detail the events leading up to and after their respective shootings. In each instance, many in the public were guide to believe that racial stigmas were the determining reasons for the pulling of the trigger, and as a result mass protests and riots have occurred in towns such as but not limited to, Ferguson, Missouri and New York City. This is where body cameras demonstrate their fatality in our society and culture.As previously mentioned, both Michael Brown and Trayvon Martins deaths both went unrecorded, and the only lusty eviden ce of what occurred is the accounts of those who fired the fatal bullets. This is a defined problem. Despite either the positive or ostracise intentions of the incumbents who fired their weapons, each one has a bias, and with that, it can lead to that party giving a skewed opinion on how the events of each occurrence actually went down. The idea of a human source is precisely simply too unreliable, and it comes down our own human nature with bias, and the fact that every individual(a) person has one.The use of body cameras instead in these instances would ultimately resolve this problem. Real footage would clearly uncover whether or not the use of fatal force was indeed necessary to use upon an unarmed civilian, and if not, it would hold the actually guilty party accountable for their actions. By simply attaching a recording device to an officers person, society is able to cut out human bias, and reveal the true nature of the event. The value alone in these new technologies m akes the investment worth every dollar.

Low Involvement Theory Essay Example for Free

Low Involvement Theory Essay1.0 backdrop OF FOUNDERThey ar ii lay outers who developed Inter mortalal fabrication Theory. Judee Burgoon or known as professor Burgoon is the director of Human chat Research for The Management of Information Centre. Besides that, she is as well as She is professor of Communication and Professor of Family Studies and Human Development at the University of Arizona She was the PHD holder from West Virgina University. Professor Burgoon has authored 7 books and all(prenominal) over 240 articles, chapters and reviews related to nonverbal and relational parley, social relationship, the impact of new communication technologies on gentle and human-computer interaction, and some different(prenominal) researches. Among the theories that she almost notably linked ar inter own(prenominal) Adaptation Theory, Expectancy Violations Theory and interpersonal Deception Theory. During her career, she has received many awards such as, NCAs Golden Ann iversary Monographs Awards, the Charles H. Woolbert Research Award for Scholarship of last Impact. In 1999, she got the National Communication Associations Distinguished Scholar Award, its highest award for lifetime of donnish makement. While in 2006, she awarded the Steven Chaffee Career Productivity Award. The awards that she gained show that she was talented Ameri foundation Academic. The second founder is David Buller. Professor David Buller was the Professor at Northern Illinois University.He was the philosophy professor. Besides that he also was the writer. Among his publication are Function, Selection and Design, in 1999, Adapting Minds, Evolutionary Psychology and the Persistent Quest for Human Nature in 2005. He has also contributed a lot in writing articles to books and journals. During his career, Buller has experience in finance, management, operations and sales. He has served as chairman of the Writing Committee for Social Studies Standards for Minnesota public schoo ls. In his community he has served on the Hugo Planning Commission and political party precinct chair. As an active member of several professional organizations, he has been president of both the strategic Leadership Forum and the Association for Corporate Growth. He was also a leader of the Edison Electric Institute Strategy Group and the Society of Competitive Intelligence Professionals. He was receive from the Centre for Business Intelligence. He was died in 2011.2.0 BACKGROUND OF THEORYInterpersonal thaumaturgy guess (IDT) exempt the interplay between active deceivers and detectors who communicate with multiple motives, who expect strategically, whose communication demeanours mutually influence one another to produce a sequence of moves and countermoves, and whose communication is influenced by the situation in which the falsehood transpires (EmGriffin, 2000). IDT attempts to explain the sort in which mortals deal with actual or perceived john on the conscious and subc onscious levels piece of music engaged in face-to-face communication (Buller, 1996). This theory is an interpersonal theory that a set of still assumptions concerning interpersonal communication in general and deception in particular. This theory is developed by Judee Burgoon and David Buller. The centerfield brains of IDT can be divided into two which are Interpersonal communication is interactive and strategies deception demands genial effort.Firstly, interpersonal communication is interactive means that interaction, preferably than individuality, is at the core of their theory. For instance, if the encounter between you and glib-tongued actually took place, both of you would be active participants, constantly adjusting your behaviour in response to feedback from each other. any(prenominal) story you tell, you shouldnt expect Pat to remain verbally and nonverbally mute (EmGriffin, 2000). (Judee K.Burgoon, 1996) Second idea is strategies deception demands mental efforts which means that successful deceiver must consciously manipulate information to create a plausible message, present it in a sincere manner, monitor replys, prepare follow-up responses, and get fructify for damage control of a tarnished image-all at the same time. For example, If you choose to be little than honest in your surprise encounter with Pat, you may find yourself unable to attend to every aspect of deception, and some of your communication behaviour allow for go on automatic pilot. (EmGriffin, 2000).3.0 MAIN CONCEPTS/ VARIABLES3.1 Leakage Leakage concept is the behaviour outside of the delusory Senders conscious control, mostly nonverbal in character, can channelize dishonesty and it is applied in IDT. The concept was developed by Miron Zuckerman, who created a four-factor model to explain when and wherefore leakage is apt to number (A.Fos, 2005). First, deceivers in deform attempt to control information can produce performances that come across as too slick. Second, lyi ng causes physiological arousal. Third, the predominant felt emotions that travel along deceit are guilt and anxiety. Fouth, the complex cognitive factors involved in deception can levy the brain beyond its capacity (EmGriffin, 2000). Under the four-factor model the extreme concentration required by an individual engaged in deception and employing the compensating mechanisms to mask that deceit may result in their performance coming into court polished or rehearsed. Lying also causes a vector to become psychologically and physiological aroused. much(prenominal) arousal is elusive to mask and impart eventually evidence itself. It is this very principle on which the polygraph elevator car is base (A.Fos, 2005).3.2 Truth biasAccording to Burgoon and Buller, batch tend to regard interpersonal message as honest, complete, direct, relevant and clear although when the speaker lying to them. McCornack claims that there exists an implied social contract that all of us will be honest with each other. It means that a mutual understanding that our messages will reflect universe as we know it. Besides that, Burgoon and Buller also convinced that volume who know and like each other are particularly resistant to doubting ach others words. For example, the warmth relationships are motivated to find truth in whatever the other says and thus overlook or rationalize a mien statements that others might find questionable. (EmGriffin, 2000).3.3 unbeliefBuller and Burgoon picture suspicion as a mid-range mind-set, located somewhere between truth and falsity. In violate of the many ways that respondents could become suspicious, Buller and Burgoon have found that its difficult to induce a ingrained scepticism. Doubters tend to favour confirmative methods to gain more(prenominal) information, but there is scant evidence that these probes cooperate unmask deception (Judee K.Burgoon, 1996). Suspicion occurs when someone is tried to find the truth from the others. The pers on becomes suspicious with people who make them unconfident to believe what the others talk slightly. It usually returns when the person does not believe what the person says and he/she will not accept the word hundred percent truths. For instance, when you have cheated by someone, it is hard to believe that person again. You become suspicious to whatever the person says to you.3.4 Interactivity Interpersonal deception theory views deception through the interactivity of interpersonal communication. As such, it considers deception as an interactive process between a sender and receiver. In course with previous studies of deception that pore on the sender and receiver individually, IDT focuses on the dyadic, relational and dialogic of deceptive communication. Next, dyadic communication refers to communication between two people. A dyad is a group of two people between whom messages are sent and received. While relational means that refers to communication in which meaning is crea ted by two people simultaneously filling the roles of both sender and receiver.Dialogic activity refers to the active communicatory nomenclature of the sender and receiver, each relying upon the other within the exchange. Deception uses when the communication of one participant is deliberately false. For a variety of reasons, including receivers own cognitive loading from ongoing information management and the development of rapport between parties as interaction unfolds, receivers will typically judge senders more favorably than passive observers. Obviously, there is a correlation between the level of favorable impression of the sender and the ultimate chances of undetected deception (Burgoon, 1996).3.5 Strategic behaviourWhen the Receiver doubts the truthfulness of the information conv warmnessd they will give clues in the form of non-typical behaviours. This will occur even if they attempt to mask such behaviours. Strategic behaviour is the proper behaviour or counterbalanceion that people use to act like nothing is happen or sifting to hide a secret or the truth. However, deceptive senders are by their nature more attuned to sensing suspicion than the receivers are to sensing deception. Thus, senders will adjust their message and its manner of presentation if they sense suspicion. This serves to make deception all the more difficult to detect. For instance, there is what is known as the Othello error. Individuals who are actually telling the truth behave in the same way when falsely accused or confronted with suspicion as do those censurable of actual deception. The term Othello error refers to the situation where a truth tellers adaptation to a false accusation strikes the respondent as devious (Hearn, 2006).3.6 Deception in CommunicationBuller and Burgoon are more concerned with an individuals motivation than with their actual actions in determining deception. In their work they found that every deceptive act has, at its core, at least one of three motivations. The first is to fulfil some task or attain some goal. Second, the communication may be directed at maintaining or creating a relationship with the other party. Finally, deception is a good deal used to save face of one or both of the parties to the communication. Most people are uncomfortable when engaging in deception. One way in which they deal with this feeling is to attempt to disassociate from the behaviour. For example, when people try to lie they try to react like normal but there must be something different like reducing eye data link or through their body movement. (Judee K.Burgoon, 1996)The other ways that senders deal with the deception is to engage in their masking behaviour. Masking is an attempt to protect the senders self-image and their relationship with the Receiver. When engaging in knowing deception senders will attempt to restrain any bodily cues which may signal deception. They may also engage in compensating behaviour, such as exhibiting extrem e sincerity. The difficulty is that the detection of all of these behaviours can still be done if they are measured against the senders base-line behaviours (Judee K.Burgoon, 1996).3.7 Falsification, Concealment and evasiveness One schema is falsification where the deceiving party also referred as sender. While the person who is flat-out lies of the communication called as receiver. It means that the sender creates a fiction to deceit. For example the sender will creates a story that not really happen just only to lie or hide the truth. The second type of deception is screenland. In concealment the sender omits certain material facts which results in deceptive communication. Finally, equivocation is included in the roster of deceptive behaviour. When employing equivocation the Sender skirts issues by, for instance, by changing the subject or offering indirect responses (Hearn, 2006). communicatory cuesA nonverbal cue is important element in IDT. People can detect deception thro ugh non verbal cues. Although people can manipulate their words, however it is difficult to hide their truth nonverbal cues. Nonverbal cues are including facial expression, eye contact, gestures and touch. When someone try to hide secret or lie, they are difficult to hide their facial expression and especially their eye contact with others. They try to reduce the eye contact with others and the way they talk, they move or react is little bit different from their usual reaction.4.0 Development of IDT Interpersonal Deception Theory (IDT) is generating from the concept of nonverbal cues to detect deception during conversation. The idea of this study was come from Sigmund Freud who study about nonverbal cues in detecting deception among people. In his study, Freud observed a patient be asked about his darkest feelings. If his mouth was shut and his fingers were trembling, he was considered to be lying. From the situation, he tried to study more about nonverbal cues. Then, in 1989, DeP aulo and Kirkendol developed the Motivation disablement Effect (MIE).This occurs when a persons motivation to succeed at lying negatively affects on the persons performance, making the lie less convincing. (Kirekendol, 2011). MIE states the harder people try to deceive others, the more likely they are to get caught. Burgoon and Floyd, however, revisited this research and formed the idea that deceivers are more active in their attempt to deceive than most would anticipate or expect. For instance, DePaulo has estimated the human ability to detect deception at 53%, which she states is not much better than flipping a coin. She has also stated that human accuracy is really just better than chance. (Hearn, 2006). In 1996, IDT was developed by two communication professors, David B. Buller and Judee K. Burgoon.They restudied the studies made by Sigmund Freud, nonverbal cues, and then they observed DePaulo and Kirkendol studies which they developed about Motivation Impairment Effect. Judee Burgoon and David Buller then combined both studies and they studied in depth about deception in conversation among people. Prior to their study, deception had not been fully considered as a communication activity, it is more like theory of communication strategies use to lie or hide the truth information from others. Previous work had focused upon the formulation of principles of deception. The principles of Interpersonal Deception Study were derived by evaluating the lie detection ability of individuals observing unifacial communication (Hearn, 2006).The early studies of Interpersonal Deception Theory found initially that, although humans are faraway from perfect in their efforts to diagnose lies, they are substantially better at the task than would result barely by chance. However, this statement should be contrasted with subsequent statements made by the same researchers. Buller and Burgoon discount the value of passing controlled studies. Therefore, IDT is based on two-way communication and intended to describe deception as an interactive communicative process (Hearn, 2006). Based over years of the authors and other scholars research, IDT expound on the dynamics properties of interpersonal communication, nonverbal behaviour, message processing, credibility and deception as it is achieved through interpersonal interaction.5.0 Application of IDT IDT adjoin that people are poor at detecting deception. Thus, it is crucial that one not rely upon a perceived ability to detect deception in the negotiation context. There are habitual liars who obsessively engage in deception. However, most people do not lie without reason. It is natural to think that deception would be beneficial to any negotiating party. Many statements will be made in the course of a negotiation. Not all statements will completely true or completely false. The language used to achieve a specific task can be varied as the people who feel a need to deceive. Yet Buller and Burgoon list some c haracteristic that reflect strategic intent. 5.1 Uncertainty and vaguenessIf we do not want our jock to know about our absent for class yesterday, we must keep the answer shortsighted and noncommittal. If we say, Im sick the brevity precludes detail to challenge (Burgoon, 2000). Another way is to speak in the passive voice and use indefinite pronouns.5.2 Nonimmediacy, reticence, and withdrawal We wish not to be there when our friend ask why we did not come to class yesterday. That desire to be out of the situation is often encoded in nonverbal actions. We might sit further apart that others, or lean back rather than forward as our answer. Words also can show nonimmediacy when the speaker changes verbs from present to past tense (Burgoon, 2000).5.3 Disassociation This is the way of distancing yourself from what you have done. Levelers are inclusive terms that do this by removing individual picking (Burgoon, 2000). For example, we will tell our friends that everyone has done it and not attending class is normal. All of these linguistic constructions sever the personal connection between the actor and the act of deception.5.4 Image- and relationship-protecting behavior Since discovery could hurt their reputations and threaten their relationship, they consciously gain to suppress the bodily cues that might signal deception. To mask the cues that leak out despite their best efforts, they try to appear extra sincere. Deceivers tend to nod in agreement when the respondent speaks, avoid interrupting, and smile often (Burgoon, 2000).5.5 Flood the circuits Interpersonal Deception Theory demonstrates that when a Senders cognitive abilities are overload they will begin to leak. It stands to reason that the greater the load, the greater the leak and the easier its detection. Another major premise of Interpersonal Deception Theory is that individuals are poor lie detectors in one-on-one communication situations. Thus, it would appear to be to a negotiators advantage t o increase the load on their opposite (Burgoon, 2000). 5.6 Falsification, Concealment and EquivocationOne strategy is falsification where the deceiving party also referred as sender. While the person who is flat-out lies of the communication called as receiver. It means that the sender creates a fiction to deceit. For example the sender will creates a story that not really happen just only to lie or hide the truth. The second type of deception is concealment. In concealment the sender omits certain material facts which results in deceptive communication. Finally, equivocation is included in the roster of deceptive behaviour. When employing equivocation the Sender skirts issues by, for instance, by changing the subject or offering indirect responses (Hearn, 2006).

Ethics Essay Essay Example for Free

Ethics Essay EssayThe theories of rightfulness, utilitarianism, and deontology be similar in some aspects but for the most part are very different. Each of the theories go out be explained to show their differences and the type of psyche that would gravitate towards that theory. Through the explanations one would in like manner be fit to consider where thither morals or ethics may lie but put up also see themselves in separately(prenominal) theory. The Virtue Theory, also know as Virtue Ethics, refers to the character of each person. This theory states that every person should try for excellence.The characteristics of each individual are made up from their surroundings that they are a part of. The theory would further suggest that it is not defined as a single moment in each individuals disembodied spirit but their entire life as a whole. In thought about the Virtue Theory, it can be explained by stating that each person needs to be the best they can and avoid the ne ed or ability to ail others. In Basic ethics Basic ethics in action it talks about Aristotle and his persuasion on virtue ethics to include characteristics or virtues of an individual.There are some that Aristotle would suggest to be the median or virtues such as courage, self-control, proper emotion, and friendliness to name a few. Reviewing these ideals of what characteristics a person should posses would or could be considered common traits of most individuals in the world today. In the simplistic form the virtue theory is about better one self and the other individuals that are around them. Deontology Theory states that there is a moral duty for one to act no matter the circumstances.This theory is furthered by the scene process of not thinking through any actions or the consequences but because it is action that is taken is right. The sound out deontology comes from two Greek words, deion+ logos. Deion comes from the particle dei which means must. Logos (in this context) m eans the distinguish of (Boylan, 2009). In breaking this down, it shows that is the account of the musts. In meaning one must act on the account of others or for themselves. Deontology theory can be seen within those persons that provide protection for another without question no matter the inherent danger.The impart to act is shown through this theory such as that would be considered of the Spartan Army. The Spartan Army would not ask how many strong are the enemy but where the enemy is. Utilitarianism Theory is one that embodies the opinion of taking care of the whole group and not the individual. This theory is a moral theory as we see wanting to make the group better. It can only be our morals to drive us to want what is best for a group. If one person is stronger in writing than another during the course of the project, because the weaker writer may ask the stronger one to take over.It is knowing your personal weakness and asking or foregoing your own glory to better the gr oup that you are part of. One that can plant aside their pride is a far better person and shows their true sense of morals. In thinking about a personal experience to be discussed in combination with one of these theories, I uphold coming back to the theory of utilitarianism. The reason being that I know I have an important personality, meaning that I like to be in control and have the control. I tend to dedicate this part of me outside the classroom to have a clear head and to allow the learning aggroups to puzzle out more cohesive with the other members.It has been my experience that issues have arisen in each of the groups that I have been a part of. This is either due to lack of participation, inability to communicate or the plain fact of laziness. I have stopped from confronting the team member numerous times in order to keep the team moving in the right direction. Later in the class the issues continue to build and that is when I forget confront the person and attempt t o deal with the issue. I feel that in setting aside my alpha mentality and waiting to confront the individual is a way for the betterment of the learning team as whole.